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general description the max40200 is an ideal diode current-switch that drops so little voltage that it approaches an order of magnitude better than schottky diodes. when forward-biased and enabled, the max40200 conducts with as little as 85mv of voltage drop while carrying currents as high as 1a. typical voltage drop is 43mv at 500ma, with the voltage drop increasing linearly at higher currents. the max40200 thermally protects itself, and any downstream circuitry, from overtemperature conditions. when disabled (en = low) the max40200 blocks voltages up to 6v in either direction, making it suitable for most low-voltage, portable electronic devices. the max40200 operates from a supply voltage of 1.5v to 5.5v. the max40200 is available in a tiny, 0.73mm x 0.73mm, 4-bump wafer-level package (wlp), with a 0.35mm bump pitch and only 0.5mm high and 5-pin sot-23 package. the max40200 operates over the extended -40c to +125c temperature range. applications notebook and tablet computers portable media players cellular phones portable/wearable medical devices electronic toys usb-powered peripherals benefts and features save critical voltage drop in portable application ? drops less than 43mv at 500ma; 85mv at 1a longer battery life ? less than 2a leakage when reverse-biased ? low supply quiescent current: 7a (typ), 18a (max) saves space over larger schottky diodes ? tiny 0.73mm x 0.73mm 4-bump wlp ? sot23-5 package supply voltage range 1.5v to 5.5v thermally self-protecting -40c to +125c temperature range ordering information appears at end of data sheet. 19-8728; rev 0; 12/16 gnd en out v dd functional diagram and package max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop
any pin to gnd ....................................................... -0.3v to +6v continuous current into en ............................................... 10ma continuous current flowing between v dd and out (wlp package) ................................................................ 1.2a continuous current flowing between v dd and out (sot23-5 package) .......................................................... 1.0a maximum power dissipation wlp, derate 9.58mw/c above +70c ....................... 766mw sot, derate 3.90mw/c above +70c .................. 312.60mw 4 wlp thermal resistance (multi-layer board) junction to ambient ( ja ) ......................................... 104.41c/w 5 sot-23 thermal resistance (multi-layer board) junction to ambient ( ja ) ......................................... 255.90c/w junction to case ( jc ) .................................................... 81c/w operating temperature range ........................ -40c to +125c junction temperature ...................................................... +150c storage temperature range ............................ -65c to +150c reflow soldering peak temperature (pb-free) ............... +260c v dd = 3.3v, gnd = 0v, en = v dd , t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at +25c (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units supply voltage range v dd guaranteed by dv on_frwd 1.5 5.5 v quiescent current per amplifer i dd en = v dd , i forward = 0 ma 7 18 a en = v gnd , i forward = 0 ma 0.7 2.5 quiescent current in reverse operation current drawn from v dd ; v out - v dd = 0.1v -1.5 0.072 1.5 a current drawn from out; v out - v dd = 0.1v 1.2 3.5 v dd leakage current current sourced into v dd ; v dd = 0v, v out = 5.5v -5.5 -0.55 +2.5 a forward turn-on threshold voltage v on_frwd voltage between v dd and out (v dd more positive than out) i forward = 1ma 18 40 mv forward turn-on threshold voltage change over supply voltage dv on_frwd v dd = 1.5v to 5.5v -3 +0.2 +3 mv reverse turn-off threshold voff_rev voltage between v dd and v out 20 mv forward voltage (v dd C v out ) (wlp only) v fwd i forward = 100ma 21 52 mv i forward = 200ma v dd = 1.5v 45 89 v dd = 3.3v 24 57 i forward = 500ma 43 89 i forward = 1a 85 175 capacitive load range c out stable for all load currents 0.3 - 100 f thermal protection threshold 154 c thermal protection hysteresis 10 c maxim integrated 2 note 1: package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in jedec specification jesd51-7, using a four-layer board. for detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial . absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to ab solute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. electrical characteristics max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
v dd = 3.3v, gnd = 0v, en = v dd , t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at +25c (note 2) note 2: all devices are production tested at t a = + 25c. specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design note 3: guaranteed by design. parameter symbol conditions min typ max units enable (en) characteristics low-level input current en = 0v -1 -0.1 +0.1 a low-level voltage level low 0.6 v high input voltage level high 1.2 v high level input current en = v dd 0.5 2.5 a enable input hysteresis 50 mv enable time i forward reaching 90% of its fnal value with a resistive load (r out ) = 330 and 4.7nf, enable input toggled from 0v to 3.3v 65 s disable time i forward prior to disable = 100ma, i forward reaching 1ma resistive load (r out ) = 330 and 4.7nf, enable input toggled from 0v to 3.3v 1.6 ms power-up delay time 65 s maxim integrated 3 electrical characteristics (continued) max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
v dd = 3.3v, gnd = 0v, en = v dd , 100ma load or i forward and 10f c out on out, t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at +25c. 0 25 50 75 0 200 400 600 800 1000 ground current ( a) forward/load current(ma) ground current vs. forward/ load current toc02b v dd = 3.3v refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 3.3v t a = 25 c t a = 125 c t a = - 40 c t a = 85 c 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 quiescent supply current ( a) supply input voltage (v) quiescent supply current vs. supply input voltage toc01 t a = 25 c t a = 125 c t a = - 40 c t a = 85 c refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions i fwd/load = 0ma 0 25 50 75 100 0 200 400 600 800 1000 ground current ( a) forward/load current(ma) ground current vs. forward/ load current toc02c refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 5.5v t a = 25 c t a = 125 c t a = - 40 c t a = 85 c 0 100 200 300 400 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (wlp) toc03a v dd = 1.5v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 1.5v t a = 85 c t a = 125 c thermal limit reached 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (sot) toc03b v dd = 1.5v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c themal limit reached refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (wlp) toc03c v dd = 3.3v refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 3.3v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c maxim integrated 4 7slfdo2shudwlqjkdudfwhulvwlfv max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
v dd = 3.3v, gnd = 0v, en = v dd , 100ma load or i forward and 10f c out on out, t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at +25c. typical operating characteristics (continued) 0 25 50 75 100 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (wlp) toc03e v dd = 5.5v refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 5.5v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (sot) toc03f v dd = 5.5v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c thermal limit reached refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 5.5v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 250 500 750 1000 forward voltage (mv) forward current (ma) forward voltage vs. forward current (sot) toc03d v dd = 3.3v refer to figure 1 for test setup conditions v dd = 3.3v t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c themal limit reached 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 cathode current ( a) vout (v) cathode current at reverse operation toc04 v dd = 0v i cathode t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c refer to figure 2 for test setup conditions -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 anode current ( a) vout (v) anode current at reverse operation toc05 v dd = 0v i anode t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c refer to figure 2 for test setup conditions -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ground current ( a) vout (v) ground current at reverse operation toc06 v dd = 0v i gnd t a = - 40 c t a = 25 c t a = 85 c t a = 125 c refer to figure 2 for test setup conditions -0.1 -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 input current into vin ( a) temperature ( c) anode current at reverse operation toc07 v dd = 3.3v v out - v dd = 0.1v refer to figure 2 for test setup conditions maxim integrated g 5 max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
v dd = 3.3v, gnd = 0v, en = v dd , 100ma load or i forward and 10f c out on out, t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at +25c. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 output current from vout ( a) temperature ( c) cathode current at reverse operation toc08 v dd = 0v v out = 5.5v refer to figure 2 for test setup conditions enable transient i fwd = 1a 2v/div 1v/div 10 s/div v(en) v out 3.3v c load = 4.7f 3.3v toc10a disable transient i fwd = 1a 2v/div 1v/div 100 s/div v(en) v out 3.3v c load = 4.7f 3.3v toc11a enable transient i fwd = 100ma 2v/div 1v/div 10 s/div v(en) v out 3.3v c load = 4.7f 3.3v toc10b disable transient i fwd = 100ma 2v/div 1v/div 400 s/div v(en) v out 3.3v c load = 4.7f 3.3v toc11b maxim integrated g 6 7slfdo2shudwlqjkdudfwhulvwlfvfrqwlqxhg max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
maxim integrated 7 test setup max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
wlp 5 sot-23 name function a1 1 v dd supply input or anode. a2 5 out ideal diode output or cathode. b1 3 en enable input. pull high to enable the device and pull low to disable the device. active pullup. b24 2 gnd circuit ground and substrate connection. 4 n.c. no connect. internally not connected. maxim integrated 8 pin description pin confgurations max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
detailed description the max40200 mimics a near-ideal diode. the device blocks reverse-voltages and passes current when forward- biased just as a normal diode. the improvements are that instead of a cut-in voltage around 500mv and a logarithmic voltage-current transfer curve, the max40200 has a near constant voltage drop independent of the magnitude of the forward current flowing through it. this voltage drop is around 45mv at 500ma of forward or load current. the constant forward voltage drop significantly helps with supply regulation; a normal diode typically drops an additional 60mv for every 10 - x change in current through it. similar to a normal diode, the max40200 also becomes resistive as the forward current exceeds the specified limit. unlike a normal diode, should the max40200 exceed the specified temperature, it will turn off in order to protect itself and the circuitry connected to it. like a normal diode max40200 will turn-off when it is reverse biased. the turn-on and turn-off times for enable and dis - able response are similar to those of forward and reverse bias conditions. max40200 has an enable function feature. unlike a normal diode the device can be turned off when not required. when turned off, it blocks voltages on either side to a maximum of 6v above ground. this feature allows max40200 to be used, to switch supply sources, or to control which sub-systems are to be powered up. it should be noted, however, that, unlike normal diodes, this ideal diode is not suited to rectifying ac. in applications where the supply is inductively coupled, conventional diodes should be used for the rectification part of the circuitry. max40200 is designed to be used in applications to switch between different dc sources. principle of operation the max40200 features an internal pmosfet to pass the current from the v dd input to the out output. the internal mosfet is controlled by circuitry that: 1) creates the 18mv constant forward drop when the max40200 is forward-biased 2) turns the mosfet off when the part is reverse biased 3) if the enable pin is pulled low 4) if the parts temperature exceeds the specifed level. this control circuitry consumes 7a typical current and this limits the rate at which the internal mosfet can be turned on/off. to ensure the control loop remains stable for all output current levels, there should always be a minimum of 0.33f connected to the out output and likewise, a minimum of 0.33f on the v dd input. these capacitors also improve the surge capability of power supply. in general for higher output capacitive loads [e.g., c out = 10f], then c in should be kept to c out /10 (f) for optimum transient response. applications information the simplest application would be as shown in figure 1, where the battery has to be disconnected from the load when the wall-supply is connected. often, the wall-supply can handle the additional losses of a normal diode, so it would use a regular diode to prevent battery power from flowing back into it. the battery, on the other hand, benefits significantly by only losing 30mv when powering the load, thus increasing the battery life between charging cycles. for systems that require more than the 500ma that the max40200 is specified for, it may be convenient to split the load up into various sections that could also benefit from the individual power enabling that the max40200s enable pins offer. this also suggests that any integrated circuit without built- in power-down capability can have it added by powering it through a max40200. this allows many parts to be used in portable and other power-sensitive products. maxim integrated 9 max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
figure 2. diode oring circuit 2 figure 1. diode oring circuit 1 load - a en max 40200 en load - b max 40200 battery from wall adapter ideal diode ( 1 ) ideal diode ( 2 ) diode ( d 2 ) diode ( d 1 ) load en max 40200 battery from wall adapter diode ( d 1 ) ideal diode maxim integrated 10 max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
thermal performance and power dissipation information although the device is guaranteed for t a = -40c to 125c, care must be taken when using heavy loads (e.g., i fwd above 500ma to 1a) where the forward current across the ideal diode is large. the forward voltage drop across the vdd and out pins increases linearly with forward current. the devices power dissipation is directly proportional to the voltage drop across the device. the power dissipation is going to be the differential voltage (v fwd ) multiplied by the current passed by the device (i fwd ). the quiescent current of the device is negligible for these calculations. the ambient temperature is essentially the pcb temperature, since this is where all the heat is sunk to. therefore, the parts temperature rise is [v fwd x i fwd x ja ] + t a , where t a is the temperature of the board or ambient temperature. from this exercise, we observe that the internal temperature from power dissipation will be higher than the ambient temperature. the device has an internal thermal shutdown temperature of about +154c and, typically, 12c hysteresis. for example: wlp: at 1a i fwd , t a = 85c. v fwd = 110mv. therefore, p dis = 110mw. package derate calculation: for 85c: maximum power dissipation from the data sheet: 766mw C [(85 - 70) x 9.58] = 622mw. the device is within specification. therefore, the junction temperature: 85c + (104.41c/w x 0.110w) = 85c + 11.5c = 96.5c sot-23 (small outline transistor package): at 1a i fwd , t a = 85c. v fwd = 250mv, hence p dis = 250mw. package derate calculation: for 85c: maximum power dissipation from the data sheet: 312.6mw C [(85 - 70)c x 3.9mw/c] = 254.1mw. the device is very close to the power dissipation ratings provided in the absolute maximum specification. hence the devices junction temperature: 85c + (255.90c/w x 0.2541w) = 85c + 65.02c = 150.02c as the above example shows, the thermal performance of the wlp exceeds the sot package. when the devices junction temperature rises to 154c thermal trip is triggered, the thermal cycle for the wlp and sot packages are shown in figure 4 and figure 5. figure 3. typical application circuit sub circuit - n en max 40200 sub circuit 1 sub circuit 2 battery maxim integrated 11 max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
figure 4. thermal protection (wlp) figure 5. thermal protection (sot) t a = 125c t a = 125c maxim integrated 12 max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
+ denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. *future productcontact factory for availability. part temp range pin-package MAX40200ANS+ -40c to +125c 4 wlp max40200auk+* -40c to +125c 5 sot23 package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 4 wlp n40c0+1 21-100103 refer to app note 1891 5 sot23 u5+1 21-0057 90-0174 maxim integrated 13 ordering information chip information process: bicmos package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop www.maximintegrated.com
revision number revision date description pages changed 0 12/16 initial release ? 2016 maxim integrated products, inc. 14 revision history maxim integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim integrated product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifcations without notice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. maxim integrated and the maxim integrated logo are trademarks of maxim integrated products, inc. max40200 ultra-tiny micropower, 1a ideal diode with ultra-low voltage drop for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim integrateds website at www.maximintegrated.com.

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